Modern ecological problems of restoration and conservation of the sturgeon population in the Ural River basin

Aim. The aim of this study was to conduct an analysis long‐term changes in the number sturgeon populations and its relationship with fishing regime current state Ural River basin, as well develop measures for conservation restoration their resources. Discussion. Six species inhabit waters basin: Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758; Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833; persicus Borodin, 1897; stellatus Pallas, 1771; nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828 ruthenus, 1758. degradation geosystems basin Caspian Sea due hydrological regime, increased exploitation oil gas fields, poaching has led a decrease sturgeons. Moreover, areas used development petroleum hydrocarbons related infrastructure coincide main feeding migration other commercial fish species. is only one Europe unregulated lower middle reaches, thanks which, until 90s last century, favourable conditions were maintained natural reproduction In world practice, breeding livestock regional reservoirs provide promising direction preservation unique gene pool. At same time, principal role formation composition sturgeons, given reproduction. Basin, there are opportunities restore population through combination artificial farming. Conclusions. Despite slight increase occurrence sturgeons recent decades, requires special measures. It necessary joint protection stocks at interstate level.